Grain storage infrastructure

Grain storage infrastructure

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Grain storage infrastructure
SectorMost major industry classification systems use sources of revenue as their basis for classifying companies into specific sectors, subsectors and industries. In order to group like companies based on their sustainability-related risks and opportunities, SASB created the Sustainable Industry Classification System® (SICS®) and the classification of sectors, subsectors and industries in the SDG Investor Platform is based on SICS.
Food and Beverage
Food and Agriculture
Business Model Description

Provide storage facilities for grain value chains like maize, rice, cassava, yams through silos, grain conveyors, grain dryers, vacuum hermetic fumigation and gas hermetic storage. Also offer complementary logistic services to aggregate production.

Expected Impact

Address post-harvest losses and contribute to food security of agricultural households.

Indicative ReturnDescribes the rate of growth an investment is expected to generate within the IOA. The indicative return is identified for the IOA by establishing its Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Return of Investment (ROI) or Gross Profit Margin (GPM).
20% - 25% (in IRR)
Investment TimeframeDescribes the time period in which the IOA will pay-back the invested resources. The estimate is based on asset expected lifetime as the IOA will start generating accumulated positive cash-flows.
Short Term (0–5 years)
Market SizeDescribes the value of potential addressable market of the IOA. The market size is identified for the IOA by establishing the value in USD, identifying the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) or providing a numeric unit critical to the IOA.
Maize worth USD 7 million and rice worth USD 1,429 million were imported in 2019.
Direct ImpactDescribes the primary SDG(s) the IOA addresses.
Zero Hunger (SDG 2)
Indirect ImpactDescribes the secondary SDG(s) the IOA addresses.
Good health and well-being (SDG 3) Responsible Consumption and Production (SDG 12)
Sector Sources
  • (I) World Bank database. https://data.worldbank.org/ (II) IHS Markit. Comparative Industry Forecast Tables, Agriculture, ISIC Classification Rev. 4. (III) Republic of Ghana (2017). Medium-Term National Development Policy Framework: An Agenda for Jobs: Creating Prosperity and Equal Opportunity for All (First Step) 2018-2021. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/new-ndpc-static1/CACHES/PUBLICATIONS/2018/08/23/Medium-term+Policy+Framework-Final+June+2018.pdf (IV) Sachs, J., Schmidt-Traub, G., Kroll, C., Lafortune, G., Fuller, G., Woelm, F. 2020. The Sustainable Development Goals and COVID-19. Sustainable Development Report 2020. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (V) Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2018). Investing For Food and Jobs (IFJ): An Agenda for Transforming Ghana’s Agriculture (2018-2021). https://mofa.gov.gh/site/images/pdf/National%20Agriculture%20Investment%20Plan_IFJ.pdf (VI) Send Ghana (2014). Women and Smallholder Agriculture in Ghana - Policy Brief 2014. https://www.sendwestafrica.org/phocadownload/Women%20and%20Smallholder%20Agriculture%20in%20Ghana%20Policy%20Brief%20-%20Copy.pdf
IOA Sources
  • (1) Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (2017). Doing business in Ghana - To Know and Invest in Ghana. (2), (4), (5), (6), (7) Manandhar, A. and Milindi, P. (2018). An Overview Of The Post-Harvest Grain Storage Practices Of Smallholder Farmers In Developing Countries. Agriculture. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324539264_An_Overview_of_the_Post-Harvest_Grain_Storage_Practices_of_Smallholder_Farmers_in_Developing_Countries (3) Smith, P., House, J. and Sobocka, J. (2016). Global Change Pressures on Soils from Land Use and Management. Global Change Biology, Wiley. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01444070/document (8) Jebuni, S. (2014). Evaluation Of Farmers Storage Structures And Their Effects On The Quality Of Sorghum Grain In WA West District In The Upper West Region Of Ghana. Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology. http://ir.knust.edu.gh/bitstream/123456789/7727/1/STEPHEN%20NGMENGU%20JEBUNI.pdf (9) Rutten, M. and Verma, M. (2014). The Impacts Of Reducing Food Loss In Ghana. A Scenario Study Using The Global Economic Simulation Model MAGNET. LEI Wageningen UR. https://edepot.wur.nl/328240#:~:text=Each%20year%2C%20Ghana%20is%20estimated,topic%20for%20the%20Dutch%20government (10) Worldometers (2020). Ghana Population 2020. https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/ghana-population/ (11) Aphlis (2020). Dry Weight Loss: Ghana - All Crops - All Years. https://www.aphlis.net/en/page/20/data-tables#/datatables?country=279&tab=dry_weight_losses&metric=prc (12) National Development Planning Commission, Ghana Statistical Service (2018). Ghana SDGs Indicator Baseline Report 2018. https://www.gh.undp.org/content/ghana/en/home/library/poverty/ghana-sdgs-indicator-baseline-report-2018-.html (13), (14) USAID (2018). Ghana: Nutrition Profile. https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1864/Ghana-Nutrition-Profile-Mar2018-508.pdf (15) Dasori, W., Korbli, M. and Cumba, R. (2016). Emergency Food Security And Market Assessment: Ghana. United Nations World Food Programme (WFP). https://www.wfp.org/publications/ghana-emergency-food-security-and-market-assessment-june-2016 (16) Opoku, H. (2020). Food Security and Nutrition Monitoring System (FSNMS) Ghana. United Nations World Food Programme (WFP). https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/WFP-0000119574.pdf (17) Statista (2020_. Ghana - Population Growth 2019 https://www.statista.com/statistics/447519/population-growth-in-ghana/#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20Ghana's%20population%20increased,compared%20to%20the%20previous%20year (18), (19), (20a) Ghana Statistical Service (2020). Production of Agriculture Statistics. https://statsghana.gov.gh/nationalaccount_macros.php?Stats=MjM3NTIyNzgzMy44ODU=/webstats/985rp49861 (20b) National Development Planning Commission (2014). Ghana Shared Growth Development Agenda II (GSGDA II) (2014–2017). Republic of Ghana. http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/gha152510.pdf (21) Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2007). Food And Agriculture Sector Development Policy (FASDEP II). Republic of Ghana. https://www.grain.org/media/W1siZiIsIjIwMTMvMDIvMjgvMTRfMjhfMTZfNzUxX0ZBU0RFUF9JSV9GSU5BTC5wZGYiXV0 (22) Ministry of Food and Agriculture (2018). Investing For Food And Jobs (IFJ): An Agenda For Transforming Ghana’S Agriculture (2018-2021). http://mofa.gov.gh/site/images/pdf/National%20Agriculture%20Investment%20Plan_IFJ.pdf (23) Government of Ghana (2016). National Nutrition Policy. https://www.unicef.org/ghana/media/1311/file/UN712528.pdf (24) Ministry of Environment, Science, Technology and Innovation (2015). Ghana National Climate Change Master Plan Action Programmes For Implementation: 2015–2020. Republic of Ghana. https://www.weadapt.org/sites/weadapt.org/files/2017/ghana_national_climate_change_master_plan_2015_2020.pdf (25) Ministry of Health (2012). Public Health Act 2012 (Act 851). Republic of Ghana. https://www.moh.gov.gh/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Public-Health-Act-851.pdf (26) Government of Ghana (2012). Standards Authority Act 1973 (N.R.C.D173). http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/gha17277.pdf (27) Ghana Investment Promotion Centre (GIPC) (2013). Ghana Investment Promotion Centre Act (Act 865). https://www.gipcghana.com/press-and-media/downloads/promotional-materials/3-gipc-act-2013-act-865/file.html (28), (29), (30), (31) Aphlis (2020). Dry Weight Loss: Ghana - All Crops - 2019. https://www.aphlis.net/en/page/20/data-tables#/datatables?country=279&tab=dry_weight_losses&metric=tns&year=20 (32) Aphlis (2020). Dry Weight Loss: Ghana - All Crops - All Years. Financial Value Of Loss (USD). https://www.aphlis.net/en/page/20/data-tables#/datatables?country=279&tab=dry_weight_losses&valuechainstep=1&metric=fin&dataview=1&fct=2 (33) Regassa, S. (2014). Does it Pay to Invest in Postharvest Management? An Ex-Ante Cost Benefit Analysis of Reducing Maize Storage Losses in Darimu Woreda, Ethiopia, 2014. https://www.shareweb.ch/site/Agriculture-and-Food-Security/focusareas/Documents/phm_regassa_cba_ethiopia.pdf (34) PwC analysis based on Prof. A. Damodaran data, 2020. (35) International Silo Organisation (2021). Nothing works like a tower silo. https://silo.org/storage-methods/ (36) Štaba, D., Blanda, M. and Dolaček-Alduk, Z. Organization and technology during construction of cement silo. https://www.irbnet.de/daten/iconda/CIB15859.pdf (37) Silos Cordoba (2019). Silos Córdoba has signed a contract for the construction of a grain terminal in Nigeria. https://siloscordoba.com/blog/new-projects/silos-cordoba-has-signed-a-contract-for-the-construction-of-a-grain-terminal-in-nigeria/ (38) Agro Met (2015). Agro Met silos provider. https://www.silos.com.pl/faq,64.html (39) Rutten, M. and Verma, M. (2014). The Impacts of Reducing Food Loss in Ghana. LEI Wageningen UR (University & Research centre). https://edepot.wur.nl/328240 (40) Ghana Grains Council (n.d.). GGC Warehouse Certification. http://www.ghanagrainscouncil.org/en/warehouse-receipt-system/ggc-warehouse-certification/ (41), (42), (43) KPMG (2020). Doing Business In Ghana. https://assets.kpmg/content/dam/kpmg/gh/pdf/gh-Doing-Business-in-Ghana-2020.pdf (44) National Development Planning Commission (2014). Ghana Shared Growth Development Agenda II (GSGDA II) (2014–2017). Republic of Ghana. http://extwprlegs1.fao.org/docs/pdf/gha152510.pdf (45) Ghana Standards Authority. Food, Chemistry and Material Standards (FMS). https://www.gsa.gov.gh/food-chemistry-and-material-standards/ (46) Environmental Protection Agency. Objectives and functions. http://www.epa.gov.gh/epa/about/objectives-functions (47) Ministry of Food and Agriculture. About Ministry of Food and Agriculture. http://mofa.gov.gh/site/about-us/about-the-ministry (48) Food and Drugs Authority. Corporate Profile. http://www.fdaghana.gov.gh/about-us.php